Business Calculators
VAT Calculator
Add or remove VAT, find VAT amount, and compare net and gross prices from a custom rate.
Enter the values and review the result.
Use net price before VAT, gross price including VAT, or the amount type selected below.
Enter the VAT rate that applies to your transaction. This is not a country-rate lookup.
Calculation assumptions
- *Add VAT treats the entered amount as net price before VAT.
- *Remove VAT treats the entered amount as gross price including VAT.
- *The VAT rate is supplied by the user; the calculator does not look up a country rate.
- *VAT rates, exemptions, registration rules, invoicing requirements, and rounding methods vary by country and transaction.
- *Calculation methodology is maintained by Calzivo and checked against the official sources listed below.
Enter a value to see results.
Results and breakdowns will appear here after a valid calculation.
What the VAT Calculator Does
This VAT calculator separates a price into before VAT, VAT amount, and after VAT totals. It can add VAT to a net price, remove VAT from a VAT-inclusive price, or find the VAT amount from either input type.
How to Add VAT
To add VAT, use Gross price = Net price x (1 + VAT rate / 100). The VAT amount is the net price multiplied by the VAT rate.
How to Remove VAT
To remove VAT, use Net price = Gross price / (1 + VAT rate / 100). Then VAT amount = gross price - net price.
Subtracting the VAT percentage directly from the gross price is incorrect because the VAT percentage is based on the net price, not the gross total.
VAT Examples
Adding VAT: a $100 net product at 20% VAT has $20 VAT and a $120 gross price.
Removing VAT: a $120 invoice total at 20% VAT contains $100 net price and $20 VAT.
Inclusive VAT amount: a $107.50 gross price at 7.5% VAT contains $100 net price and $7.50 VAT.
VAT vs Sales Tax
VAT is generally collected through stages of the supply chain, while sales tax is generally charged at the final sale. Rules vary by country and jurisdiction, so this page does not provide legal or tax advice. For sales-tax-style checkout math, use the Sales Tax Calculator.
Common VAT Mistakes
- Subtracting the VAT percentage directly from a gross price.
- Confusing net price with gross price.
- Using the wrong VAT rate for the product, customer, or transaction.
- Treating an example or remembered percentage as the legally applicable rate.
- Forgetting exemptions, reduced rates, local rules, or business registration requirements.
- Rounding too early instead of calculating first and rounding final results.
Limitations and Related Tools
This calculator provides general estimates only. VAT rates, exemptions, registration rules, invoicing requirements, and rounding methods vary by country and transaction. Verify the applicable rules with the relevant tax authority or a qualified professional.
For pricing checks, compare the Profit Margin Calculator, Discount Calculator, Percentage Calculator, ROI Calculator, and Break-even Calculator.
Browse more tools in Business Calculators and Finance Calculators.
Quick answers
What this calculator answers
- Result: Add VAT, remove VAT, or find the VAT amount from net or gross prices.
- Method: VAT math depends on whether the entered price excludes or includes VAT.
- Related guide: See net price, gross price, and VAT amount examples. VAT calculator guide
Transparency note
Accuracy and limitations
Calzivo tools are built for practical estimates, conversions, and checks. Some tools use standard formulas or simplified assumptions, and results can be affected by input accuracy, rounding, units, local rules, or changing official requirements.
Tax results are general estimates, not tax or legal advice. Rates, exemptions, filing rules, and local requirements can change, so verify important results with official sources.
Reference check
Sources and references
These references provide background context for the topic. They do not replace official advice or documents for personal decisions.
- How to Calculate Prices With and Without VAT
GOV.UK
- How VAT Works
European Commission
How to Use This Tool
Use these steps to enter the right inputs and interpret the result correctly.
Choose whether to add VAT, remove VAT, or find the VAT amount.
Enter the amount and custom VAT rate for your transaction.
For VAT amount mode, choose whether the amount is before VAT or including VAT.
Review net price, VAT amount, gross price, and the formula substitution.
Related Tools
Other helpful tools in the Business Calculators category.
Percentage Calculator
Calculate percent of a number, reverse percentages, known-rate adjustments, percentage change, and percentage difference.
Discount Calculator
Calculate savings, discounted price, and final price after an optional user-entered tax rate.
Sales Tax Calculator
Calculate sales tax, price after tax, pre-tax price, and checkout totals from an entered rate.
Profit Margin Calculator
Calculate profit margin, markup, selling price, revenue, cost, and pricing scenarios.
ROI Calculator
Calculate total ROI, gain or loss, return multiple, and an optional annualized endpoint return.
Break-Even Calculator: Units and Revenue
Calculate break-even units, revenue, contribution margin, target profit, and expected sales profit/loss.
Related Guides
Background reading and explanations related to VAT Calculator.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about VAT Calculator and how to read the result.
What is VAT?
VAT means value added tax. It is commonly calculated as a percentage of the net price, producing a VAT amount and gross price.
How do I add VAT to a price?
Multiply the net price by 1 plus the VAT rate as a decimal. For example, $100 at 20% VAT becomes $100 x 1.20 = $120.
How do I remove VAT from a price?
Divide the gross price by 1 plus the VAT rate as a decimal. The VAT amount is gross price minus net price.
Why can't I subtract 20% directly from a VAT-inclusive price?
Because the VAT rate is applied to the net price, not the gross price. A $120 gross price with 20% VAT has a $100 net price and $20 VAT.
What is the difference between net and gross price?
Net price is before VAT. Gross price is after VAT and includes the VAT amount.
Is VAT the same as sales tax?
No. VAT and sales tax are structured differently, and rules vary by country and jurisdiction.
Can VAT rates vary?
Yes. VAT rates, reduced rates, exemptions, and rules vary by country, product, transaction type, and date.
Does this calculator provide tax advice?
No. It is a general VAT math estimate, not tax, accounting, legal, or business advice.